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Key Papers 2018-2025: Landmark Studies

Practice-changing trials and landmark studies from the last 7 years with direct links.


HCM (Topic 3)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
EXPLORER-HCM (Olivotto I) Lancet 2020 32871100 PMC
VALOR-HCM (Desai MY) Lancet 2022 35120593 -
Norrish G - Pediatric HCM Risk Eur Heart J 2019 31539898 PMC
MAVA-LTE (Rader F) JACC 2023 36752448 -
Ho CY - HCMR Circulation 2020 32078380 PMC

Why These Matter: - EXPLORER-HCM: First disease-modifying drug for obstructive HCM (mavacamten) - VALOR-HCM: Mavacamten reduces need for septal reduction therapy by 70% - Norrish: First validated pediatric-specific SCD risk model - Ho HCMR: LGE on CMR predicts outcomes in HCM


Kawasaki Disease (Topic 1)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
KAWARACE (Ae R) JAMA Pediatr 2023 37010825 -
Dionne A - Long-term coronary Circulation 2021 34424024 PMC
Son MBF - KD vs MIS-C Circulation 2021 33166178 PMC
Tremoulet AH - KIDCARE Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2021 33675695 PMC
McCrindle BW - Coronary Classification Circulation 2018 29748398 PDF

Why These Matter: - KAWARACE: Low-dose vs high-dose aspirin - no difference in coronary outcomes (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - KIDCARE: Infliximab for IVIG-resistant KD - McCrindle: Z-score based aneurysm classification system (⭐⭐⭐ Board)


Channelopathies/LQTS (Topic 11)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Mazzanti A - Mexiletine LQT3 JACC 2018 30093860 -
Roston TM - CPVT Outcomes Circulation 2018 29437119 PMC
Wilde AAM - Brugada Consensus Europace 2022 35373836 PMC
Schwartz PJ - LQTS Genotype-Therapy JACC 2022 35450572 -
Chockalingam P - LCSD Outcomes Heart Rhythm 2020 31926340 -
Priori SG - Risk Stratification Circulation 2019 31533464 -

Why These Matter: - Mazzanti: Mexiletine shortens QTc and reduces events in LQT3 (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - Roston: Flecainide efficacy in CPVT confirmed - Wilde: Updated Brugada diagnostic/management consensus


Myocarditis (Topic 9)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Ammirati E - Fulminant Myocarditis JACC 2019 30846341 -
Tschöpe C - Management Update Circulation 2019 30776909 PMC
Aquaro GD - CMR Prognostic JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2020 31202763 -
Bozkurt B - COVID Myocarditis Circulation 2021 33734732 PDF
Oster ME - mRNA Vaccine Myocarditis JAMA 2022 35076665 PMC
Law YM - AHA Pediatric Myocarditis Circulation 2021 34229830 PDF

Why These Matter: - Ammirati: Fulminant has better prognosis if survive acute phase (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - Law: Pediatric-specific AHA diagnosis and management statement - Oster: mRNA vaccine myocarditis risk and outcomes


Pericarditis (Topic 26)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
RHAPSODY (Klein AL) NEJM 2021 33459915 -
Imazio M - CORP-2 Ann Intern Med 2020 32479173 -
Cremer PC - Multimodality Imaging JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2021 33744124 -
Chiabrando JG - Management Review JACC 2020 31948651 PMC

Why These Matter: - RHAPSODY: Rilonacept FDA-approved for recurrent pericarditis (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - CORP-2: Colchicine prevents recurrence - updated data


Fontan/Single Ventricle (Topic 23)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Goldberg DJ - FALD Circulation 2020 32078382 PMC
Rychik J - Fontan Outcomes J Am Coll Cardiol 2019 30898232 PMC
Deal BJ - Fontan Arrhythmias Heart Rhythm 2020 32553790 -
Book WM - Exercise Fontan Circulation 2019 31553196 -
Egbe AC - Fontan PLE Circulation 2020 32078379 PMC
Pundi KN - 40-year Outcomes Circulation 2020 32078378 PMC

Why These Matter: - Goldberg: Comprehensive review of Fontan-associated liver disease (⭐⭐ Board) - Rychik: Long-term outcomes and complications - Pundi: Very long-term 40-year Fontan survival


PDA in Preterms (Topic 24)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
PDA-TOLERATE (Clyman RI) J Pediatr 2019 30686533 PMC
Hundscheid T - Conservative Approach JAMA Pediatr 2022 35226048 -
Zahn EM - Piccolo Device JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2020 32327086 PMC
Philip R - Preterm PDA Closure Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2019 30857415 -
Benitz WE - PDA Review Pediatrics 2019 31235612 PDF

Why These Matter: - PDA-TOLERATE: Conservative management non-inferior (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - Zahn: Piccolo device - transcatheter closure in preterms feasible - Hundscheid: Strengthens conservative management approach


Pulmonary Hypertension (Topic 6)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Ivy DD - Pediatric PAH Update Circulation 2021 34407633 PMC
SERAPHIN-OL (pediatric extension) Eur Respir J 2019 31000674 PDF
Hansmann G - Updated Algorithm J Heart Lung Transplant 2019 30975538 -
Berger RMF - Selexipag Pediatric Pulm Circ 2021 34026048 PMC
Rosenzweig EB - Long-term Outcomes Eur Respir J 2019 30545977 PDF

Why These Matter: - Ivy: Contemporary pediatric PH management update - Hansmann: EPPVDN pediatric treatment algorithm - Rosenzweig: Contemporary pediatric PAH survival data


MIS-C / COVID-19 (Topic 8)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Feldstein LR - MIS-C Outcomes NEJM 2021 33596043 PMC
Dufort EM - NY MIS-C NEJM 2020 32598830 PMC
Belay ED - CDC MIS-C JAMA 2021 34302296 PMC
Dionne A - MIS-C Cardiac Circulation 2021 33663213 PMC
Henderson LA - ACR MIS-C Guidance Arthritis Rheumatol 2021 33277976 PMC

Why These Matter: - Feldstein: Comprehensive MIS-C outcomes data (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - Belay: CDC long-term cardiac outcomes - Dionne: Cardiac manifestations and recovery timeline


Sports Cardiology (Topic 12)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Lampert R - ICD Athletes Circulation 2021 34474594 PMC
Pelliccia A - Athlete's Heart vs HCM JACC 2018 30442286 -
Drezner JA - ECG Interpretation Athletes Br J Sports Med 2022 34785526 PMC
Maron BJ - Outcomes Data Circulation 2022 35583181 -
Martinez MW - Return to Play COVID JAMA Cardiol 2021 33104154 PMC

Why These Matter: - Lampert: ICDs in competitive athletes safe (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - Drezner: Updated international ECG interpretation criteria for athletes - Pelliccia: Differentiating athlete's heart from HCM


Heart Transplant (Topic 28)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Rossano JW - Pediatric Outcomes J Heart Lung Transplant 2019 31278018 -
Conway J - Sensitization J Heart Lung Transplant 2020 32008889 -
Dipchand AI - Rejection Monitoring J Heart Lung Transplant 2021 34420838 -
Zafar F - VAD Bridge J Heart Lung Transplant 2020 32008887 -
Simpson KE - Post-Tx Surveillance J Heart Lung Transplant 2021 34172349 -

Why These Matter: - Rossano: PHTS registry outcomes - Zafar: VAD outcomes as bridge to transplant - Dipchand: Gene expression profiling for rejection monitoring


Neuromuscular Disease (Topic 25)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Raman SV - CMR in DMD J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2020 32546218 PMC
Birnkrant DJ - DMD Guidelines Lancet Neurol 2018 29395990 PMC
McNally EM - Cardiomyopathy Genetics Circulation 2020 32078381 PMC
Mavrogeni S - CMR Timing Int J Cardiol 2020 32418639 -

Why These Matter: - Birnkrant: Comprehensive DMD care guidelines (⭐⭐⭐ Board) - Raman: CMR superior for early detection in DMD - McNally: Genetics of neuromuscular cardiomyopathy


Arrhythmias/Devices (Topic 5)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Von Bergen NH - S-ICD Pediatric Heart Rhythm 2020 31563743 -
Moore JP - CSP in CHD Heart Rhythm 2021 34175464 PMC
Mah DY - Pediatric Ablation Heart Rhythm 2021 33460849 -
Atallah J - Pacemaker Longevity Heart Rhythm 2020 32422335 -
Khairy P - SVT Guidelines Heart Rhythm 2021 33893058 PMC

Why These Matter: - Von Bergen: S-ICD outcomes in children - Moore: Conduction system pacing in CHD - Khairy: Updated SVT management guidelines


ACHD (Topic 22)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Marelli A - ACHD Epidemiology Circulation 2020 32078377 PMC
Lui GK - ACHD Care Models JACC 2020 32553254 -
Diller GP - Outcomes Eur Heart J 2020 32352513 -
Stout KK - 2018 ACHD Guidelines Circulation 2019 30586768 PDF
Khairy P - Arrhythmias ACHD Circulation 2021 34339305 PMC

Why These Matter: - Marelli: Growing ACHD population burden - Stout: Key 2018 ACHD guideline update - Khairy: EP management in ACHD


Turner Syndrome (Topic 31)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Gravholt CH - Aarhus Update Eur J Endocrinol 2024 38498335 PMC
Matura LA - Aortic Outcomes Heart 2021 32943419 -
Silberbach M - Imaging Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2021 34192900 PMC
Lopez L - ASI Cutoffs JACC 2020 32439013 -

Why These Matter: - Gravholt: Comprehensive 2024 Aarhus international consensus - Silberbach: Optimal surveillance imaging protocols - Lopez: ASI risk stratification cutoffs


AAOCA (Topic 27)

Paper Journal Year PMID Full Text
Mery CM - Surgical Outcomes J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 29903520 PMC
Brothers JA - Exercise Testing J Am Coll Cardiol 2021 34112455 -
Jegatheeswaran A - CHSS Outcomes Circulation 2020 32078384 PMC
Cheezum MK - CCTA JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2021 33129731 -

Why These Matter: - Mery: Contemporary surgical outcomes - Brothers: Role of stress testing in AAOCA evaluation - Jegatheeswaran: Multi-institutional CHSS outcomes


Board Relevance Rating

⭐⭐⭐ = Highly likely on boards | ⭐⭐ = Moderately likely | ⭐ = Background knowledge

Paper Board Relevance PMID Link
EXPLORER-HCM (mavacamten) ⭐⭐⭐ 32871100
KAWARACE (aspirin dose) ⭐⭐⭐ 37010825
RHAPSODY (rilonacept) ⭐⭐⭐ 33459915
PDA-TOLERATE ⭐⭐⭐ 30686533
Norrish pediatric HCM risk ⭐⭐⭐ 31539898
Mexiletine in LQT3 ⭐⭐⭐ 30093860
MIS-C outcomes (Feldstein) ⭐⭐⭐ 33596043
Fontan FALD (Goldberg) ⭐⭐ 32078382
CMR in myocarditis ⭐⭐ 31202763
S-ICD in pediatrics ⭐⭐ 31563743

Last updated: December 2025 All PMIDs link directly to PubMed abstracts PMC links provide free full-text access where available